Wrench



(No Model.)

F. E. SNYDER.

WRENCH.

No. 580,429, Patented Apr. 13-, 1897.

THE NORRIS FEYEHS co, PHOTO-l lmmwAsmmamm u. c

Prion.

ATENT FRANK EDWARD SNYDER, OF MASSILLON, OHIO.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,429, dated April13, 1897. Application filed August 25, 1896. Serial No. 603,884. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it near/y concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK EDWARD SNY- DER, of Massillon, in the countyof Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in renches; and I do I hereby declare the following to be afull, clear,

and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in pipe wrenches and cutters, oneobject of the invention being to so construct a pipewrench that thescrew for ad justing the same for different-sized pipes will be sodisposed as to be out of the way and thus allow full sweep of the wrenchwhen used in a corner or close to a wall,-and so that when the wrench isused in a ditch the screw will not become embedded in the dirt.

A further object is to so construct a pipewrench that it can be quicklyand easily transformed into a pipe-cutter.

A further object is to produce a pipe wrench and cutter which shall besimple in construction, comparatively cheap to manufacture, andeffectual in all respects in the performance of its functions.

With these objects in view the invention consists in. certain novelfeatures of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, ashereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view of a wrench embodyingmy improvements. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are detail views.

A represents one lever of the wrench, and B the other. The lever or barA is provided between its ends with an enlargement 1, in which there isan elongated slot 2, the latter being parallel with the longitudinalaxis of the said bar or lever. A headed bolt 3 passes through and fitsloosely in the slot 2, the free end of said bolt being made round (incrosssections) and serving as a pivot for the lever B of the wrench,said lever being made with a shoulder 4 where the bolt passes throughit. The enlargement l is made at its inner or upper end with ascrew-threaded hole for the accommodation of an adjusting-screw 5, theforward end of which is adapted to bear against the square portion ofthe bolt 3, whereby to adjust the jaws of the wrench relatively to thepipe to be operated upon.

The forward end of the lever A is made with a lateral enlargement or jaw6, adapted (when the two levers are parallel) to project over theforward end of the lever B and the jaw carried thereby. The enlargementof jawG is bifurcated to form recesses 7 8, the dividing-wall 11 of saidrecesses being made V-shaped. The inner face of the enlargement of jaw 6is made \l-shaped for the reception of a similarly-shaped gripping-plate9. The grippingplate 9 is provided on its back with perforated lugs 10,which enter the recesses 7 8, the V-shaped dividing-wall 11 entering thesimilarly-shaped recess 12 between said lugs 10. The enlargement or jaw6 is made with holes 13, adapted to aline with the holes in the lugs 10,and through said holes removable pins let are passed, whereby to holdthe gripping-plate 9 in place.

The forward end of the lever B is made with an enlargement 15, having arecess 16, said recessed enlargement thus forming, in effect, a yoke, inwhich amultifaced jaw 17 is mounted by means of -a screw or pin 18. Eachface of the jaw is preferably made somewhat concave and provided withsharp teeth or serrations 19, the portions of the jaw or block betweensaid serrated faces forming shoulders 20. When the wrench is in use, atleast two of the teeth or serrations 011 the face which is in operativeposition will engage the pipe and prevent the latter from slipping.WVhen these two teeth shall have become dull from constant use, the pin18 can be removed and the block or jaw reversed end for end, so as tobring hitherto unused teeth into play. When all the teeth of one of theserrated faces shall have become worn, the block or jaw can be turned(after having first removed the pin 18) so as to bring another face intooperative position. If desired, the serrated faces of the jaw 17 couldbe made of varying sizes, but this is not essential. The hole throughthe block or jaw 17, through which the pin 18 passes, is of such sizerelatively to that of the pin that said block or jaw can have a slightplay on the pin, and the depth of the recess 16 is not sufficient topermit the block or jaw tobe turned on the pin 18 without the engagementof oneof the shoulders 20 with the bottom of said recess 16. Thus itwill be seen that when the wrench is in use the engagement of the jaw orblock 17 with the pipe will cause one of the shoulders 20 to bear firmlyagainst ICC the bottom of the recess 16 and thereby relieve the pin 18of strain.

It will be observed that the adj usting-screw 5 and slot 2 in lever Aare disposed parallel with the length of the wrench, thus being down outof the way, giving full sweep of the wrench when used in a corner closeto a wall, or when used in a ditch does not penetrate nor embed saidscrew so readily in the dirt, all of these being of material advantage,as in wrenches of this kind as heretofore constructed theadjusting-screw projects at an angle to the length of the wrench, beingcontinually in the way and obstructing, in most cases, considerablesweep of the wrench. Each face of the toothed block or jaw has a numberof teeth and is of suitable shape to adapt itself to the pipe firmly,without any tendency or chance to slip, requiring but little pressure onthe handles or levers, thus making it sure, easy, and convenient tomanipulate.

In order to transform the tool into a pipecutter, it only requires theremoval of the toothed block or jaw and the insertion in its stead ofthe large revoluble cutter 21. The wrench is so constructed that whenclosed the center of cutter-wheel will be just above the center of theV-shaped groove 22 in the bottom of the recess 16. Thus when set to outany-sized pipe to which the wrench is suited said cutter will drawitself ea sily into the cut, and requires scarcely any pressure on thehandles-merely alittle to start it-as the operation of cutting draws thehandles together, and as the cutting proceeds it is to be followed up byturning the thumb-screw as occasion requires. As this form of cuttercould not be used to cut off a pipe entirely, close to a wall or ceilingor wherever it is impossible to swing or turn the tongs entirely aroundthe pipe, the device can readily be made into a three-wheeled cuttersuitable for the latter purpose by removing the \l-shaped gripping-plate9 and inserting the two small wheels or cutters 23 23, using the samepins to hold them which previously held said gripping-plate 9.

WVhen the wrench is used for gripping and turning a pipe, the saidV-shaped plate 9 serves as a durable bearing for the pipe, protects thejaw or enlargement 6 from injury, and keeps dirt, &c., out of the slots,which would otherwise interfere with the placing and operation of thesmall cutters.

My improved wrench possesses many advantages and is simple inconstruction, coinparatively cheap to manufacture, and is effectual inall respects in the performance of its functions.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1 In a pipe-wrench, the combination with a lever having an elongatedslot between its ends and parallel with its length, of a pin passingtransversely through said slot, an-

other lever pivotally connected between its ends to said pin, saidlast-mentioned lever having a recess in its forward end, a toothed jawmounted in said recess, a jaw at the forward end of the first-mentionedlever, and a set-screw disposed parallel with the length of the first-mentioned lever and adapted to bear against said pin and move it in theelongated slot, substantially as set forth.

2. In a pipe-wrencl1,tl1e combination with two levers pivotallyconnected together between their ends, one of said levers having a rigidjaw at its forward end and the other lever having a recess at itsforward end, of a multifaced block or jaw mounted in said recess, eachface being concave and provided with a series of teeth or serrations,and means for adjusting said jaws relatively to each other,substantially as set forth.

3. In a pipe-wrench, the combination with two levers pivotally connectedtogether, one of said levers having a rigid jaw at its forward end andthe other lever having a recess at its forward end, of a multifacedblock or jaw mounted in said recess by means of a pin, each face of saidjaw being concave and provided with teeth and shoulders between theseveral faces, said block or jaw being so mounted in said recess thatwhen the wrench is in use, one of said shoulders will engage the bottomof the recess in the lever and take the strain off of the pin by whichthe block or jaw is supported, substantially as set forth.

4. In a wrench, the combination with two levers pivotally and adjustablyconnected together, an integral jaw at the forward end of one of saidlevers, said jaw being bifurcated to form recesses, and having aV-shaped inner face, of a V-shaped grippingplate'disposed on thesimilarly-shaped inner face of said jaw, said plate having lugs to enterthe recesses in the jaw, removable pins passing transversely through thejaw and lugs, and a multifaced, toothed jaw mounted in the forward endof the other lever.

5. In a wrench, the combination with two levers, one of said levershaving a parallel enlargement having an elongated slot parallel with thelength of the lover, of a pin passing through said slot and having apivotal connection with the other lever, a screw passing through one endof said enlargement and engaging said pin, a slotted jaw at the free endof the lever having the slotted enlargement, a tool mounted in saidslotted jaw, a yoke at the forward end of the other lever and a toolmounted in said yoke and adapted to cooperate with the tool in the saidjaw, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

FRANK EDWARD SNYDER.

\Vitnesses:

J OHN C. LOWE, JOHN O. GARRETT.

